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Friday, February 5th, 2010 05:34 pm
Почти все элементы первых трёх периодов таблицы Менделеева и значительная часть четвёртого участвуют в биохимии (ну, кроме благородных газов, наверное). Но вот обнаружить данные о биологической роли бериллия мне не удалось. Почему именно он? В четвёртом периоде лентяев четыре - Ti, Sc, Ga, Ge.
Saturday, February 6th, 2010 01:59 am (UTC)
У лития, похоже, тоже природной биологической роли нет.
Saturday, February 6th, 2010 02:25 am (UTC)
Хорошо, тогда и титан тоже вычеркиваем: An unknown mechanism in plants may use titanium to stimulate the production of carbohydrates and encourage growth. This may explain why most plants contain about 1 part per million (ppm) of titanium, food plants have about 2 ppm, and horsetail and nettle contain up to 80 ppm.

А вот самый тяжелый элемент с биологической ролью, оказывается, не йод, а вольфрам!
Saturday, February 6th, 2010 03:50 am (UTC)
Обилие у бериллия самое маленькое среди элементов первых четырех периодов.
Saturday, February 6th, 2010 07:23 am (UTC)
Редкий и токсичный
Sunday, February 7th, 2010 09:34 am (UTC)
позволю себе уточнить - токсичность - не вредительство "биологии", а способность накапливаться, что вовсе не гворит о вредительстве, тем более яде.
Saturday, February 6th, 2010 09:41 am (UTC)
Если не ошибаюсь (лень периодическую таблицу искать), то берилий - это амфотерное вещество (не металл и не неметалл), типа алюминия.
Может быть, поэтому?
Sunday, February 7th, 2010 10:28 am (UTC)
Good question, and I do not know the answer. The simplest consideration is that its use might be pointless for major applications of group-II elements (structural, signalling, pumping) because Ca++ and Mg++ would do all that's needed but these are much more abundant. This does not quite explain why, say, there are no bacteria living in Be minerals using Be.

Another caviat is that Be is typically 4-coordinated rather than 6-coordinated as these larger Ca+++ and Mg++ ions and it is also more electronegative. It could be good for something, in principle. The problem could be in designing a highly specific ligand for something that is only 4-coordinated. It is the similar problem with Li+. It is difficult enough to make a Ca++ specific ligand -- even for Ca++. The most tightly binding proteins for Ca++ (such as calmodulins) bind it rather poorly (using a few strategically placed carboxyl groups), the binding constant for Fe+++ can be 30 orders of magnitude higher! Nothing binds Sr++ strongly enough. I know this well, as I have a grant from CDC for developing sensitive Sr++ receptors, as strontium-90 is one of the nastiest radionuclides. Too small is bad and too large is bad. The body is a control freak: it wants to regulate everything. So it choses ions among the abundant ones that are easiest to regulate. Selectivity and the strength of binding matter. Be++ is not something that would be your first choice.